zephyr/arch/xtensa/core/mmu.c

195 lines
6.9 KiB
C

/*
* Copyright 2023 Google LLC
* SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
*/
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <zephyr/kernel.h>
#include <xtensa/config/core-isa.h>
#include <xtensa_mmu_priv.h>
#include <zephyr/cache.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_USERSPACE
BUILD_ASSERT((CONFIG_PRIVILEGED_STACK_SIZE > 0) &&
(CONFIG_PRIVILEGED_STACK_SIZE % CONFIG_MMU_PAGE_SIZE) == 0);
#endif
#define ASID_INVALID 0
struct tlb_regs {
uint32_t rasid;
uint32_t ptevaddr;
uint32_t ptepin_as;
uint32_t ptepin_at;
uint32_t vecpin_as;
uint32_t vecpin_at;
};
static void compute_regs(uint32_t user_asid, uint32_t *l1_page, struct tlb_regs *regs)
{
uint32_t vecbase = XTENSA_RSR("VECBASE");
__ASSERT_NO_MSG((((uint32_t)l1_page) & 0xfff) == 0);
__ASSERT_NO_MSG((user_asid == 0) || ((user_asid > 2) &&
(user_asid < XTENSA_MMU_SHARED_ASID)));
/* We don't use ring 1, ring 0 ASID must be 1 */
regs->rasid = (XTENSA_MMU_SHARED_ASID << 24) |
(user_asid << 16) | 0x000201;
/* Derive PTEVADDR from ASID so each domain gets its own PTE area */
regs->ptevaddr = CONFIG_XTENSA_MMU_PTEVADDR + user_asid * 0x400000;
/* The ptables code doesn't add the mapping for the l1 page itself */
l1_page[XTENSA_MMU_L1_POS(regs->ptevaddr)] =
(uint32_t)l1_page | XTENSA_MMU_PAGE_TABLE_ATTR;
regs->ptepin_at = (uint32_t)l1_page;
regs->ptepin_as = XTENSA_MMU_PTE_ENTRY_VADDR(regs->ptevaddr, regs->ptevaddr)
| XTENSA_MMU_PTE_WAY;
/* Pin mapping for refilling the vector address into the ITLB
* (for handling TLB miss exceptions). Note: this is NOT an
* instruction TLB entry for the vector code itself, it's a
* DATA TLB entry for the page containing the vector mapping
* so the refill on instruction fetch can find it. The
* hardware doesn't have a 4k pinnable instruction TLB way,
* frustratingly.
*/
uint32_t vb_pte = l1_page[XTENSA_MMU_L1_POS(vecbase)];
regs->vecpin_at = vb_pte;
regs->vecpin_as = XTENSA_MMU_PTE_ENTRY_VADDR(regs->ptevaddr, vecbase)
| XTENSA_MMU_VECBASE_WAY;
}
/* Switch to a new page table. There are four items we have to set in
* the hardware: the PTE virtual address, the ring/ASID mapping
* register, and two pinned entries in the data TLB handling refills
* for the page tables and the vector handlers.
*
* These can be done in any order, provided that we ensure that no
* memory access which cause a TLB miss can happen during the process.
* This means that we must work entirely within registers in a single
* asm block. Also note that instruction fetches are memory accesses
* too, which means we cannot cross a page boundary which might reach
* a new page not in the TLB (a single jump to an aligned address that
* holds our five instructions is sufficient to guarantee that: I
* couldn't think of a way to do the alignment statically that also
* interoperated well with inline assembly).
*/
void xtensa_set_paging(uint32_t user_asid, uint32_t *l1_page)
{
/* Optimization note: the registers computed here are pure
* functions of the two arguments. With a minor API tweak,
* they could be cached in e.g. a thread struct instead of
* being recomputed. This is called on context switch paths
* and is performance-sensitive.
*/
struct tlb_regs regs;
compute_regs(user_asid, l1_page, &regs);
__asm__ volatile("j 1f\n"
".align 16\n" /* enough for 5 insns */
"1:\n"
"wsr %0, PTEVADDR\n"
"wsr %1, RASID\n"
"wdtlb %2, %3\n"
"wdtlb %4, %5\n"
"isync"
:: "r"(regs.ptevaddr), "r"(regs.rasid),
"r"(regs.ptepin_at), "r"(regs.ptepin_as),
"r"(regs.vecpin_at), "r"(regs.vecpin_as));
}
/* This is effectively the same algorithm from xtensa_set_paging(),
* but it also disables the hardware-initialized 512M TLB entries in
* way 6 (because the hardware disallows duplicate TLB mappings). For
* instruction fetches this produces a critical ordering constraint:
* the instruction following the invalidation of ITLB entry mapping
* the current PC will by definition create a refill condition, which
* will (because the data TLB was invalidated) cause a refill
* exception. Therefore this step must be the very last one, once
* everything else is setup up and working, which includes the
* invalidation of the virtual PTEVADDR area so that the resulting
* refill can complete.
*
* Note that we can't guarantee that the compiler won't insert a data
* fetch from our stack memory after exit from the asm block (while it
* might be double-mapped), so we invalidate that data TLB inside the
* asm for correctness. The other 13 entries get invalidated in a C
* loop at the end.
*/
void xtensa_init_paging(uint32_t *l1_page)
{
extern char z_xt_init_pc; /* defined in asm below */
struct tlb_regs regs;
unsigned int initial_rasid;
/* The initial rasid after hardware initialization is 0x04030201.
* 1 is hardwired to ring 0, other slots must be different
* from each other and must not be 0.
*
* For our initial implementation we just set the 4th slot (ring 3),
* to use the ASID value used for memory that is shared with all threads.
*/
initial_rasid = 0xff030201;
#if CONFIG_MP_MAX_NUM_CPUS > 1
/* The incoherent cache can get into terrible trouble if it's
* allowed to cache PTEs differently across CPUs. We require
* that all page tables supplied by the OS have exclusively
* uncached mappings for page data, but can't do anything
* about earlier code/firmware. Dump the cache to be safe.
*/
sys_cache_data_flush_and_invd_all();
#endif
compute_regs(ASID_INVALID, l1_page, &regs);
uint32_t idtlb_pte = (regs.ptevaddr & 0xe0000000) | XCHAL_SPANNING_WAY;
uint32_t idtlb_stk = (((uint32_t)&regs) & ~0xfff) | XCHAL_SPANNING_WAY;
uint32_t iitlb_pc = (((uint32_t)&z_xt_init_pc) & ~0xfff) | XCHAL_SPANNING_WAY;
/* Note: the jump is mostly pedantry, as it's almost
* inconceivable that a hardware memory region at boot is
* going to cross a 512M page boundary. But we need the entry
* symbol to get the address above, so the jump is here for
* symmetry with the set_paging() code.
*/
__asm__ volatile("j z_xt_init_pc\n"
".align 32\n" /* room for 10 insns */
".globl z_xt_init_pc\n"
"z_xt_init_pc:\n"
"wsr %0, PTEVADDR\n"
"wsr %1, RASID\n"
"wdtlb %2, %3\n"
"wdtlb %4, %5\n"
"idtlb %6\n" /* invalidate pte */
"idtlb %7\n" /* invalidate stk */
"isync\n"
"iitlb %8\n" /* invalidate pc */
"isync\n" /* <--- traps a ITLB miss */
:: "r"(regs.ptevaddr), "r"(initial_rasid),
"r"(regs.ptepin_at), "r"(regs.ptepin_as),
"r"(regs.vecpin_at), "r"(regs.vecpin_as),
"r"(idtlb_pte), "r"(idtlb_stk), "r"(iitlb_pc));
/* Invalidate the remaining (unused by this function)
* initialization entries. Now we're flying free with our own
* page table.
*/
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
uint32_t ixtlb = (i * 0x20000000) | XCHAL_SPANNING_WAY;
if (ixtlb != iitlb_pc) {
__asm__ volatile("iitlb %0" :: "r"(ixtlb));
}
if (ixtlb != idtlb_stk && ixtlb != idtlb_pte) {
__asm__ volatile("idtlb %0" :: "r"(ixtlb));
}
}
__asm__ volatile("isync");
}