zephyr/arch/x86/core/crt0.S

459 lines
12 KiB
ArmAsm

/*
* Copyright (c) 2010-2015 Wind River Systems, Inc.
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
*/
/**
* @file
* @brief Crt0 module for the IA-32 boards
*
* This module contains the initial code executed by the Zephyr Kernel ELF image
* after having been loaded into RAM.
*/
#include <arch/x86/asm.h>
#include <kernel_arch_data.h>
#include <arch/cpu.h>
/* exports (private APIs) */
GTEXT(__start)
/* externs */
GTEXT(_Cstart)
GDATA(_idt_base_address)
GDATA(_interrupt_stack)
GDATA(_Idt)
#ifndef CONFIG_GDT_DYNAMIC
GDATA(_gdt)
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_SSE)
GDATA(_sse_mxcsr_default_value)
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_BOOT_TIME_MEASUREMENT)
GDATA(__start_time_stamp)
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_POWER_DEEP_SLEEP
GTEXT(_sys_soc_resume_from_deep_sleep)
#endif
/* processor is executing in 32-bit protected mode */
.balign 16,0x90
SECTION_FUNC(TEXT_START, __start)
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_TIME_MEASUREMENT
/*
* Record BootTime from start of Kernel.
* Store value temporarily in Register edi & esi and
* write to memory once memory access is allowed.
* That is, once the data segment register has been setup to access
* the .data/.rodata/.bss section of the linked image.
*/
rdtsc
mov %eax, %esi /* low value */
mov %edx, %edi /* high value */
#endif
/* Enable write-back caching by clearing the NW and CD bits */
movl %cr0, %eax
andl $0x9fffffff, %eax
movl %eax, %cr0
/*
* Ensure interrupts are disabled. Interrupts are enabled when
* the first context switch occurs.
*/
cli
/*
* Although the bootloader sets up an Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT)
* and a Global Descriptor Table (GDT), the specification encourages
* booted operating systems to setup their own IDT and GDT.
*/
#if CONFIG_SET_GDT
lgdt _gdt_rom /* load 32-bit operand size GDT */
#endif
lidt _Idt /* load 32-bit operand size IDT */
#ifdef CONFIG_SET_GDT
/* If we set our own GDT, update the segment registers as well.
*/
movw $DATA_SEG, %ax /* data segment selector (entry = 3) */
movw %ax, %ds /* set DS */
movw %ax, %es /* set ES */
movw %ax, %ss /* set SS */
xorw %ax, %ax /* AX = 0 */
movw %ax, %fs /* Zero FS */
movw %ax, %gs /* Zero GS */
ljmp $CODE_SEG, $__csSet /* set CS = 0x08 */
__csSet:
#endif /* CONFIG_SET_GDT */
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_TIME_MEASUREMENT
/*
* Store rdtsc result from temporary regiter ESI & EDI into memory.
*/
mov %esi, __start_time_stamp /* low value */
mov %edi, __start_time_stamp+4 /* high value */
#endif
#if !defined(CONFIG_FLOAT)
/*
* Force an #NM exception for floating point instructions
* since FP support hasn't been configured
*/
movl %cr0, %eax /* move CR0 to EAX */
orl $0x2e, %eax /* CR0[NE+TS+EM+MP]=1 */
movl %eax, %cr0 /* move EAX to CR0 */
#else
/*
* Permit use of x87 FPU instructions
*
* Note that all floating point exceptions are masked by default,
* and that _no_ handler for x87 FPU exceptions (#MF) is provided.
*/
movl %cr0, %eax /* move CR0 to EAX */
orl $0x22, %eax /* CR0[NE+MP]=1 */
andl $~0xc, %eax /* CR0[TS+EM]=0 */
movl %eax, %cr0 /* move EAX to CR0 */
fninit /* set x87 FPU to its default state */
#if defined(CONFIG_SSE)
/*
* Permit use of SSE instructions
*
* Note that all SSE exceptions are masked by default,
* and that _no_ handler for SSE exceptions (#XM) is provided.
*/
movl %cr4, %eax /* move CR4 to EAX */
orl $0x200, %eax /* CR4[OSFXSR] = 1 */
andl $~0x400, %eax /* CR4[OSXMMEXCPT] = 0 */
movl %eax, %cr4 /* move EAX to CR4 */
ldmxcsr _sse_mxcsr_default_value /* initialize SSE control/status reg */
#endif /* CONFIG_SSE */
#endif /* !CONFIG_FLOAT */
/*
* Set the stack pointer to the area used for the interrupt stack.
* Note this stack is used during the execution of __start() and
* _Cstart() until the multi-tasking kernel is initialized. The
* dual-purposing of this area of memory is safe since
* interrupts are disabled until the first context switch.
*
* nano_init.c enforces that the _interrupt_stack pointer and
* the ISR stack size are some multiple of STACK_ALIGN, which
* is at least 4.
*
* This is also used to call the _sys_soc_resume_from_deep_sleep()
* routine to avoid memory corruption if the system is resuming from
* deep sleep. It is important that _sys_soc_resume_from_deep_sleep()
* restores the stack pointer to what it was at deep sleep before
* enabling interrupts. This is necessary to avoid
* interfering with interrupt handler use of this stack.
* If it is a cold boot then _sys_soc_resume_from_deep_sleep() should
* not do anything and must return immediately.
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_INIT_STACKS
movl $0xAAAAAAAA, %eax
leal _interrupt_stack, %edi
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_STACK_PROTECTION
addl $4096, %edi
#endif
stack_size_dwords = (CONFIG_ISR_STACK_SIZE / 4)
movl $stack_size_dwords, %ecx
rep stosl
#endif
movl $_interrupt_stack, %esp
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_STACK_PROTECTION
/* In this configuration, all stacks, including IRQ stack, are declared
* with a 4K non-present guard page preceding the stack buffer
*/
addl $(CONFIG_ISR_STACK_SIZE + 4096), %esp
#else
addl $CONFIG_ISR_STACK_SIZE, %esp
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_SYS_POWER_DEEP_SLEEP) && \
!defined(CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_CONTEXT_RESTORE)
/*
* Invoke _sys_soc_resume_from_deep_sleep() hook to handle resume from
* deep sleep. It should first check whether system is recovering from
* deep sleep state. If it is, then this function should restore
* states and resume at the point system went to deep sleep.
* In this case this function will never return.
*
* If system is not recovering from deep sleep then it is a
* cold boot. In this case, this function would immediately
* return and execution falls through to cold boot path.
*/
call _sys_soc_resume_from_deep_sleep
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_XIP
/*
* copy DATA section from ROM to RAM region
* DATA is followed by BSS section.
*/
movl $__data_ram_start, %edi /* DATA in RAM (dest) */
movl $__data_rom_start, %esi /* DATA in ROM (src) */
movl $__data_num_words, %ecx /* Size of DATA in quad bytes */
call _x86_data_copy
#ifdef CONFIG_APPLICATION_MEMORY
movl $__app_data_ram_start, %edi /* DATA in RAM (dest) */
movl $__app_data_rom_start, %esi /* DATA in ROM (src) */
movl $__app_data_num_words, %ecx /* Size of DATA in quad bytes */
call _x86_data_copy
#endif /* CONFIG_APPLICATION_MEMORY */
#endif /* CONFIG_XIP */
/*
* Clear BSS: bzero (__bss_start, __bss_num_words*4)
*
* It's assumed that BSS size will be a multiple of a long (4 bytes),
* and aligned on a double word (32-bit) boundary
*/
movl $__bss_start, %edi /* load BSS start address */
movl $__bss_num_words, %ecx /* number of quad bytes in .bss */
call _x86_bss_zero
#ifdef CONFIG_APPLICATION_MEMORY
movl $__app_bss_start, %edi /* load app BSS start address */
movl $__app_bss_num_words, %ecx /* number of quad bytes */
call _x86_bss_zero
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_GDT_DYNAMIC
/* activate RAM-based Global Descriptor Table (GDT) */
lgdt %ds:_gdt
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_MMU
/* load the page directory address into the registers*/
movl $__mmu_tables_start, %eax
movl %eax, %cr3
/*Set CR4.PAE = 0 (5th bit in CR4*/
movl %cr4, %eax
andl $CR4_PAE_DISABLE, %eax
movl %eax, %cr4
/* set CR0.PG bit (31st bit in CR0)*/
movl %cr0, %eax
orl $CR0_PAGING_ENABLE, %eax
movl %eax, %cr0
#endif /* CONFIG_X86_MMU */
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_STACK_PROTECTION
mov $MAIN_TSS, %ax
ltr %ax
#endif
/* Jump to C portion of kernel initialization and never return */
jmp _Cstart
_x86_bss_zero:
/* ECX = size, EDI = starting address */
#ifdef CONFIG_SSE
/* use XMM register to clear 16 bytes at a time */
pxor %xmm0, %xmm0 /* zero out xmm0 register */
movl %ecx, %edx /* make a copy of # quad bytes */
shrl $2, %ecx /* How many multiples of 16 byte ? */
je bssWords
bssDQ:
movdqu %xmm0, (%edi) /* zero 16 bytes... */
addl $16, %edi
loop bssDQ
/* fall through to handle the remaining double words (32-bit chunks) */
bssWords:
xorl %eax, %eax /* fill memory with 0 */
movl %edx, %ecx /* move # quad bytes into ECX (for rep) */
andl $0x3, %ecx /* only need to zero at most 3 quad bytes */
cld
rep
stosl /* zero memory per 4 bytes */
#else /* !CONFIG_SSE */
/* clear out BSS double words (32-bits at a time) */
xorl %eax, %eax /* fill memory with 0 */
cld
rep
stosl /* zero memory per 4 bytes */
#endif /* CONFIG_SSE */
ret
#ifdef CONFIG_XIP
_x86_data_copy:
/* EDI = dest, ESI = source, ECX = size in 32-bit chunks */
#ifdef CONFIG_SSE
/* copy 16 bytes at a time using XMM until < 16 bytes remain */
movl %ecx ,%edx /* save number of quad bytes */
shrl $2, %ecx /* How many 16 bytes? */
je dataWords
dataDQ:
movdqu (%esi), %xmm0
movdqu %xmm0, (%edi)
addl $16, %esi
addl $16, %edi
loop dataDQ
dataWords:
movl %edx, %ecx /* restore # quad bytes */
andl $0x3, %ecx /* only need to copy at most 3 quad bytes */
#endif /* CONFIG_SSE */
rep
movsl /* copy data 4 bytes at a time */
ret
#endif /* CONFIG_XIP */
#if defined(CONFIG_SSE)
/* SSE control & status register initial value */
_sse_mxcsr_default_value:
.long 0x1f80 /* all SSE exceptions clear & masked */
#endif /* CONFIG_SSE */
/* Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT) definition */
_Idt:
.word (CONFIG_IDT_NUM_VECTORS * 8) - 1 /* limit: size of IDT-1 */
/*
* Physical start address = 0. When executing natively, this
* will be placed at the same location as the interrupt vector table
* setup by the BIOS (or GRUB?).
*/
.long _idt_base_address /* physical start address */
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_UNKNOWN
/* Multiboot header definition is needed for some bootloaders */
/*
* The multiboot header must be in the first 8 Kb of the kernel image
* (not including the ELF section header(s)) and be aligned on a
* 4 byte boundary.
*/
.balign 4,0x90
.long 0x1BADB002 /* multiboot magic number */
/*
* Flags = no bits are being set, specifically bit 16 is not being
* set since the supplied kernel image is an ELF file, and the
* multiboot loader shall use the information from the program and
* section header to load and boot the kernel image.
*/
.long 0x00000000
/*
* checksum = 32-bit unsigned value which, when added to the other
* magic fields (i.e. "magic" and "flags"), must have a 32-bit
* unsigned sum of zero.
*/
.long -(0x1BADB002 + 0)
#endif /* CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_UNKNOWN */
#ifdef CONFIG_SET_GDT
/* GDT should be aligned on 8-byte boundary for best processor
* performance, see Section 3.5.1 of IA architecture SW developer
* manual, Vol 3.
*/
.balign 8
/*
* The following 3 GDT entries implement the so-called "basic
* flat model", i.e. a single code segment descriptor and a single
* data segment descriptor, giving the kernel access to a continuous,
* unsegmented address space. Both segment descriptors map the entire
* linear address space (i.e. 0 to 4 GB-1), thus the segmentation
* mechanism will never generate "out of limit memory reference"
* exceptions even if physical memory does not reside at the referenced
* address.
*
* The 'A' (accessed) bit in the type field is set for all the
* data/code segment descriptors to accommodate placing these entries
* in ROM, to prevent the processor from freaking out when it tries
* and fails to set it.
*/
#ifndef CONFIG_GDT_DYNAMIC
_gdt:
#endif
_gdt_rom:
/* Entry 0 (selector=0x0000): The "NULL descriptor". The CPU never
* actually looks at this entry, so we stuff 6-byte the pseudo
* descriptor here */
.word _gdt_rom_end - _gdt_rom - 1 /* Limit on GDT */
.long _gdt_rom /* table address: _gdt_rom */
.word 0x0000
/* Entry 1 (selector=0x0008): Code descriptor: DPL0 */
.word 0xffff /* limit: xffff */
.word 0x0000 /* base : xxxx0000 */
.byte 0x00 /* base : xx00xxxx */
.byte 0x9b /* Accessed, Code e/r, Present, DPL0 */
.byte 0xcf /* limit: fxxxx, Page Gra, 32bit */
.byte 0x00 /* base : 00xxxxxx */
/* Entry 2 (selector=0x0010): Data descriptor: DPL0 */
.word 0xffff /* limit: xffff */
.word 0x0000 /* base : xxxx0000 */
.byte 0x00 /* base : xx00xxxx */
.byte 0x93 /* Accessed, Data r/w, Present, DPL0 */
.byte 0xcf /* limit: fxxxx, Page Gra, 32bit */
.byte 0x00 /* base : 00xxxxxx */
_gdt_rom_end:
#endif