375 lines
13 KiB
Python
Executable File
375 lines
13 KiB
Python
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# Copyright 2023 Google LLC
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
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"""
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Checks the initialization priorities
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This script parses a Zephyr executable file, creates a list of known devices
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and their effective initialization priorities and compares that with the device
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dependencies inferred from the devicetree hierarchy.
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This can be used to detect devices that are initialized in the incorrect order,
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but also devices that are initialized at the same priority but depends on each
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other, which can potentially break if the linking order is changed.
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Optionally, it can also produce a human readable list of the initialization
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calls for the various init levels.
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"""
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import argparse
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import logging
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import os
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import pathlib
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import pickle
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import sys
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from elftools.elf.elffile import ELFFile
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from elftools.elf.sections import SymbolTableSection
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# This is needed to load edt.pickle files.
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sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..",
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"dts", "python-devicetree", "src"))
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from devicetree import edtlib # pylint: disable=unused-import
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# Prefix used for "struct device" reference initialized based on devicetree
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# entries with a known ordinal.
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_DEVICE_ORD_PREFIX = "__device_dts_ord_"
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# Defined init level in order of priority.
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_DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS = ["EARLY", "PRE_KERNEL_1", "PRE_KERNEL_2", "POST_KERNEL",
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"APPLICATION", "SMP"]
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# List of compatibles for node where the initialization priority should be the
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# opposite of the device tree inferred dependency.
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_INVERTED_PRIORITY_COMPATIBLES = frozenset()
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# List of compatibles for nodes where we don't check the priority.
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_IGNORE_COMPATIBLES = frozenset([
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# There is no direct dependency between the CDC ACM UART and the USB
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# device controller, the logical connection is established after USB
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# device support is enabled.
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"zephyr,cdc-acm-uart",
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])
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class Priority:
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"""Parses and holds a device initialization priority.
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The object can be used for comparing levels with one another.
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Attributes:
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name: the section name
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"""
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def __init__(self, level, priority):
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for idx, level_name in enumerate(_DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS):
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if level_name == level:
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self._level = idx
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self._priority = priority
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# Tuples compare elementwise in order
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self._level_priority = (self._level, self._priority)
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return
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raise ValueError("Unknown level in %s" % level)
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def __repr__(self):
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return "<%s %s %d>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
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_DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS[self._level], self._priority)
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def __str__(self):
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return "%s+%d" % (_DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS[self._level], self._priority)
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def __lt__(self, other):
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return self._level_priority < other._level_priority
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def __eq__(self, other):
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return self._level_priority == other._level_priority
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def __hash__(self):
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return self._level_priority
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class ZephyrInitLevels:
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"""Load an executable file and find the initialization calls and devices.
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Load a Zephyr executable file and scan for the list of initialization calls
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and defined devices.
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The list of devices is available in the "devices" class variable in the
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{ordinal: Priority} format, the list of initilevels is in the "initlevels"
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class variables in the {"level name": ["call", ...]} format.
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Attributes:
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file_path: path of the file to be loaded.
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"""
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def __init__(self, file_path):
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self.file_path = file_path
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self._elf = ELFFile(open(file_path, "rb"))
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self._load_objects()
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self._load_level_addr()
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self._process_initlevels()
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def _load_objects(self):
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"""Initialize the object table."""
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self._objects = {}
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for section in self._elf.iter_sections():
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if not isinstance(section, SymbolTableSection):
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continue
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for sym in section.iter_symbols():
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if (sym.name and
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sym.entry.st_size > 0 and
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sym.entry.st_info.type in ["STT_OBJECT", "STT_FUNC"]):
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self._objects[sym.entry.st_value] = (
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sym.name, sym.entry.st_size, sym.entry.st_shndx)
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def _load_level_addr(self):
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"""Find the address associated with known init levels."""
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self._init_level_addr = {}
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for section in self._elf.iter_sections():
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if not isinstance(section, SymbolTableSection):
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continue
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for sym in section.iter_symbols():
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for level in _DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS:
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name = f"__init_{level}_start"
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if sym.name == name:
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self._init_level_addr[level] = sym.entry.st_value
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elif sym.name == "__init_end":
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self._init_level_end = sym.entry.st_value
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if len(self._init_level_addr) != len(_DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS):
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raise ValueError(f"Missing init symbols, found: {self._init_level_addr}")
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if not self._init_level_end:
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raise ValueError(f"Missing init section end symbol")
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def _device_ord_from_name(self, sym_name):
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"""Find a device ordinal from a symbol name."""
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if not sym_name:
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return None
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if not sym_name.startswith(_DEVICE_ORD_PREFIX):
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return None
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_, device_ord = sym_name.split(_DEVICE_ORD_PREFIX)
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return int(device_ord)
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def _object_name(self, addr):
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if not addr:
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return "NULL"
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elif addr in self._objects:
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return self._objects[addr][0]
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else:
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return "unknown"
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def _initlevel_pointer(self, addr, idx, shidx):
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elfclass = self._elf.elfclass
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if elfclass == 32:
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ptrsize = 4
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elif elfclass == 64:
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ptrsize = 8
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else:
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raise ValueError(f"Unknown pointer size for ELF class f{elfclass}")
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section = self._elf.get_section(shidx)
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start = section.header.sh_addr
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data = section.data()
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offset = addr - start
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start = offset + ptrsize * idx
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stop = offset + ptrsize * (idx + 1)
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return int.from_bytes(data[start:stop], byteorder="little")
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def _process_initlevels(self):
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"""Process the init level and find the init functions and devices."""
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self.devices = {}
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self.initlevels = {}
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for i, level in enumerate(_DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS):
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start = self._init_level_addr[level]
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if i + 1 == len(_DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS):
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stop = self._init_level_end
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else:
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stop = self._init_level_addr[_DEVICE_INIT_LEVELS[i + 1]]
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self.initlevels[level] = []
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priority = 0
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addr = start
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while addr < stop:
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if addr not in self._objects:
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raise ValueError(f"no symbol at addr {addr:08x}")
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obj, size, shidx = self._objects[addr]
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arg0_name = self._object_name(self._initlevel_pointer(addr, 0, shidx))
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arg1_name = self._object_name(self._initlevel_pointer(addr, 1, shidx))
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self.initlevels[level].append(f"{obj}: {arg0_name}({arg1_name})")
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ordinal = self._device_ord_from_name(arg1_name)
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if ordinal:
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prio = Priority(level, priority)
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self.devices[ordinal] = (prio, arg0_name)
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addr += size
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priority += 1
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class Validator():
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"""Validates the initialization priorities.
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Scans through a build folder for object files and list all the device
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initialization priorities. Then compares that against the EDT derived
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dependency list and log any found priority issue.
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Attributes:
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elf_file_path: path of the ELF file
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edt_pickle: name of the EDT pickle file
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log: a logging.Logger object
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"""
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def __init__(self, elf_file_path, edt_pickle, log):
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self.log = log
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edt_pickle_path = pathlib.Path(
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pathlib.Path(elf_file_path).parent,
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edt_pickle)
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with open(edt_pickle_path, "rb") as f:
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edt = pickle.load(f)
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self._ord2node = edt.dep_ord2node
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self._obj = ZephyrInitLevels(elf_file_path)
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self.errors = 0
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def _check_dep(self, dev_ord, dep_ord):
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"""Validate the priority between two devices."""
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if dev_ord == dep_ord:
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return
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dev_node = self._ord2node[dev_ord]
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dep_node = self._ord2node[dep_ord]
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if dev_node._binding:
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dev_compat = dev_node._binding.compatible
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if dev_compat in _IGNORE_COMPATIBLES:
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self.log.info(f"Ignoring priority: {dev_node._binding.compatible}")
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return
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if dev_node._binding and dep_node._binding:
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dev_compat = dev_node._binding.compatible
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dep_compat = dep_node._binding.compatible
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if (dev_compat, dep_compat) in _INVERTED_PRIORITY_COMPATIBLES:
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self.log.info(f"Swapped priority: {dev_compat}, {dep_compat}")
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dev_ord, dep_ord = dep_ord, dev_ord
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dev_prio, dev_init = self._obj.devices.get(dev_ord, (None, None))
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dep_prio, dep_init = self._obj.devices.get(dep_ord, (None, None))
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if not dev_prio or not dep_prio:
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return
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if dev_prio == dep_prio:
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raise ValueError(f"{dev_node.path} and {dep_node.path} have the "
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f"same priority: {dev_prio}")
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elif dev_prio < dep_prio:
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if not self.errors:
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self.log.error("Device initialization priority validation failed, "
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"the sequence of initialization calls does not match "
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"the devicetree dependencies.")
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self.errors += 1
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self.log.error(
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f"{dev_node.path} <{dev_init}> is initialized before its dependency "
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f"{dep_node.path} <{dep_init}> ({dev_prio} < {dep_prio})")
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else:
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self.log.info(
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f"{dev_node.path} <{dev_init}> {dev_prio} > "
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f"{dep_node.path} <{dep_init}> {dep_prio}")
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def check_edt(self):
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"""Scan through all known devices and validate the init priorities."""
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for dev_ord in self._obj.devices:
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dev = self._ord2node[dev_ord]
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for dep in dev.depends_on:
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self._check_dep(dev_ord, dep.dep_ordinal)
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def print_initlevels(self):
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for level, calls in self._obj.initlevels.items():
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print(level)
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for call in calls:
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print(f" {call}")
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def _parse_args(argv):
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"""Parse the command line arguments."""
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
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description=__doc__,
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formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
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allow_abbrev=False)
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parser.add_argument("-f", "--elf-file", default=pathlib.Path("build", "zephyr", "zephyr.elf"),
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help="ELF file to use")
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parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", action="count",
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help=("enable verbose output, can be used multiple times "
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"to increase verbosity level"))
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parser.add_argument("--always-succeed", action="store_true",
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help="always exit with a return code of 0, used for testing")
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parser.add_argument("-o", "--output",
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help="write the output to a file in addition to stdout")
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parser.add_argument("-i", "--initlevels", action="store_true",
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help="print the initlevel functions instead of checking the device dependencies")
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parser.add_argument("--edt-pickle", default=pathlib.Path("edt.pickle"),
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help="name of the pickled edtlib.EDT file",
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type=pathlib.Path)
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return parser.parse_args(argv)
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def _init_log(verbose, output):
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"""Initialize a logger object."""
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log = logging.getLogger(__file__)
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console = logging.StreamHandler()
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console.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(levelname)s: %(message)s"))
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log.addHandler(console)
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if output:
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file = logging.FileHandler(output, mode="w")
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file.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(levelname)s: %(message)s"))
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log.addHandler(file)
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if verbose and verbose > 1:
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log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
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elif verbose and verbose > 0:
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log.setLevel(logging.INFO)
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else:
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log.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
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return log
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def main(argv=None):
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args = _parse_args(argv)
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log = _init_log(args.verbose, args.output)
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log.info(f"check_init_priorities: {args.elf_file}")
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validator = Validator(args.elf_file, args.edt_pickle, log)
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if args.initlevels:
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validator.print_initlevels()
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else:
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validator.check_edt()
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if args.always_succeed:
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return 0
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if validator.errors:
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return 1
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return 0
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))
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