# Linux 下搭建 Go 开发环境

## 1.安装和配置

### 1.1.安装

```bash
# Ubuntu
sudo apt install golang
# Manjaro
sudo pacman -S go
```

### 1.2.配置

```bash
# 配置环境，将 /Path/to/Go 替换为自己实际的 go 目录
echo "export GOPATH=/Path/to/Go" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export GOBIN=$GOPATH/bin" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export PATH=$GOBIN:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc
# 可运行 go env 查看gol环境变量
go env
# 开启 GO111MODULE 并设置代理
go env -w GO111MODULE=on
go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn
# 安装基础包
go get -v github.com/golang/tools
ln -s $GOPATH/src/github.com/golang/tools $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/tools
# 安装扩展包
go get -v github.com/ramya-rao-a/go-outline
go install github.com/ramya-rao-a/go-outline
go get -v github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv
go install github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv
go get -v github.com/mdempsky/gocode
go install github.com/mdempsky/gocode
go get -v github.com/uudashr/gopkgs/v2/cmd/gopkgs
go install github.com/uudashr/gopkgs/v2/cmd/gopkgs
go get -v github.com/rogpeppe/godef
go install github.com/rogpeppe/godef
go get -v github.com/sqs/goreturns
go install github.com/sqs/goreturns
go get -v github.com/cweill/gotests/gotests
go install github.com/cweill/gotests/gotests
go get -v github.com/fatih/gomodifytags
go install github.com/fatih/gomodifytags
go get -v github.com/josharian/impl
go install github.com/josharian/impl
go get -v github.com/haya14busa/goplay/cmd/goplay
go install github.com/haya14busa/goplay/cmd/goplay
go get -v honnef.co/go/tools/cmd/staticcheck
go install honnef.co/go/tools/cmd/staticcheck
go get -v golang.org/x/tools/gopls
go install golang.org/x/tools/gopls
go get -v golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc
go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc
```

### 1.3.VSCode 配置

修改 User Setting 的 go.gopath 为 $GOPATH。

## 2.第一个 Go 程序

```go
/**
 * @file    hello.go
 */
package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}
```

测试和编译方法如下：

```bash
$ go run hello.go
Hello, World!

$ go build hello.go
$ ls
hello    hello.go

$ ./hello
Hello, World!
```