MariaDB 安装配置与使用
Signed-off-by: ithink.chan <chenyang@autoai.com>
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# MariaDB 安装配置与使用
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MariaDB 是与 MySQL 兼容的开源实现,当 Linux 服务器上需要使用 MySQL 时可以用 MariaDB 替代。
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## 安装
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MariaDB 的安装命令如下:
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```sh
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## Arch Linux
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pacman -S mariadb mariadb-clients mariadb-libs
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## Ubuntu
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apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client libmariadbclient-dev
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```
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## 初始配置
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安装完 MariaDB 后需要进行初始配置,首先需要执行以下命令:
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```sh
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mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
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```
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之后启动 MariaDB 的系统服务:
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```sh
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systemctl start mariadb
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```
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最后初始化数据库:
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```sh
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mysql_secure_installation
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Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] n
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Change the root password? [Y/n] Y
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Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
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Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
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Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
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Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
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... Success!
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```
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## 基本维护
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```sh
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# 进入 MariaDB 交互模式
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mariadb -u root -p
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# 显示所有数据库
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show databases;
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# 删除数据库
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drop database <database name>;
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# 选择操作的数据库
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use mysql;
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# 更改密码
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update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD('passwd') where User='root';
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# 如果没这一行可能也会报一个错误,因此需要运行这一行
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update user set plugin="mysql_native_password";
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# 强制写入
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flush privileges;
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# 退出
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quit;
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# 重启 MariaDB 服务使新的配置生效
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systemctl restart mariadb
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```
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