135 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
135 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
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# GioUI 概览
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GioUI 是一款支持多平台的 Go GUI 库，支持 Linux、macOS、Windows、Android、iOS、FreeBSD、OpenBSD 和 WebAssembly。
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## 1. 安装
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GioUI 的安装与其他 Go 包一样，只要在源码中引用，然后通过 go 命令即可自动下载：
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源码中引用“gioui”后：
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```bash
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go mod tidy
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```
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即可自动安装。
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另外也可以到[官方网站](https://gioui.org/)下载[源码](https://git.sr.ht/~eliasnaur/gio)或获取帮助文档：
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编译 Android 程序时需要用到 gogio 工具，需要通过如下命令安装：
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```bash
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go install gioui.org/cmd/gogio@latest
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```
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### 1.1. Android 开发环境配置
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如果需要开发基于 GioUI 的 Android 程序，需要先搭建好 Android 开发环境：
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1. 安装 Android Studio 后通过 IDE 安装 Android SDK（>31） ，配置 ANDROID_SDK_ROOT。ANDROID_SDK_ROOT 可在 Android Studio->More Actions->SDK Manager->Android SDK Location 中获取到；
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2. 进入 Android Studio->More Actions->SDK Manager->SDK Tools 勾选 NDK（我使用的是 25.1.893xxxx 版本）；
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3. 当前使用的 GioUI commit id 为 dee53b36，该版本仅支持 OpenJDK 1.8，与之对应的版本是 OpenJDK 8，因此需要下载 [openjdk-8u42-b03-windows-i586-14_jul_2022.zip](https://download.java.net/openjdk/jdk8u42/ri/openjdk-8u42-b03-windows-i586-14_jul_2022.zip) 并进行安装（[官网地址](https://jdk.java.net/java-se-ri/8-MR4)）。配置 JAVA_HOME 并将 %JAVA_HOME%\bin 添加到系统 PATH 中。配置好后通过命令行输入：
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```bash
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java -version
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```
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进行版本验证。
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## 2. PC 示例
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创建模块：
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```bash
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go mod init gio.test
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```
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main 包代码：
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"image/color"
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"log"
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"os"
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"gioui.org/app"
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"gioui.org/font/gofont"
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"gioui.org/io/system"
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"gioui.org/layout"
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"gioui.org/op"
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"gioui.org/text"
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"gioui.org/widget/material"
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)
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func main() {
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go func() {
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w := app.NewWindow()
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err := run(w)
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if err != nil {
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log.Fatal(err)
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}
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os.Exit(0)
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}()
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app.Main()
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}
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func run(w *app.Window) error {
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th := material.NewTheme(gofont.Collection())
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var ops op.Ops
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for {
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e := <-w.Events()
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switch e := e.(type) {
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case system.DestroyEvent:
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return e.Err
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case system.FrameEvent:
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gtx := layout.NewContext(&ops, e)
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title := material.H1(th, "Hello, Gio")
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maroon := color.NRGBA{R: 127, G: 0, B: 0, A: 255}
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title.Color = maroon
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title.Alignment = text.Middle
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title.Layout(gtx)
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e.Frame(gtx.Ops)
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}
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}
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}
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```
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编译命令：
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```bash
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go mod tidy
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go run .
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```
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### 2.1. PC 示例说明
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调用 app.NewWindow() 将创建新的窗体。调用 app.Main() 将阻塞至窗体退出。
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通过 w.Events() 可以接收窗体事件消息。system.DestroyEvent 为窗体析构消息；system.FrameEvent 为窗体绘制请求消息。
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需要绘制的控件需要像压栈那样装入 Ops 的 Context，最后调用 e.Frame(gtx.Ops) 绘制全部控件。
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## 3. Android 示例
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```bash
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git clone https://git.sr.ht/~eliasnaur/gio-example
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cd gio-example
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gogio -target android <module name>[/sub-directory] [-token <github token>]
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# 如
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gogio -target android gioui.org/example/kitchen
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```
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将生成 APK 文件，可通过手机安装或使用如下命令：
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```bash
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adb install kitchen.apk
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```
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## 4. 外部参考资料
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1. [GUI With Gio](https://jonegil.github.io/gui-with-gio/teleprompter/02_user_input.html)
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