2021-12-27 14:51:42 +08:00
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# IPRoute2 说明
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## Link 信息和设置
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```bash
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# 显示链路
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ip link show
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# 仅显示 up 的链路
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ip link show up
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# 添加链路
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ip link add name <link name> type <bridge|bond|dummy|veth|vlan|vxlan>
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# 启动/停止链路
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2021-12-27 19:51:44 +08:00
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ip link set <netif> <up/down>
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2021-12-27 14:51:42 +08:00
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# 绑定
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ip link set <netif> master <bridge name>
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# 解绑
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ip link set <netif> nomaster
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# 删除链路
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2021-12-29 15:04:05 +08:00
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ip link del <link name> [type <bridge|bond|dummy|veth|vlan|vxlan>]
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2022-01-08 11:44:24 +08:00
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# 修改 link 名称
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ip link set <netif_0> down
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ip link set <netif_0> name <netif_1>
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ip link set <netif_1> up
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2021-12-27 14:51:42 +08:00
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```
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## IP 地址信息和设置
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```bash
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# 显示地址(或ifconfig)
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ip addr show
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# 仅显示 up 设备的地址
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ip addr show up
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# 设定 IP 地址
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ip addr add <ip addr> dev <netif>
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# 删除 IP 地址
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ip addr del <ip addr> dev <netif>
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```
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2021-12-27 19:02:41 +08:00
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## 协议地址和路由
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```bash
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# 删除对应设备的 IPv4 和 IPv6 等全部协议地址及路由信息
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ip addr flush dev <netif>
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```
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2021-12-27 14:51:42 +08:00
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## 路由信息和设置
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```bash
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# 显示路由(route -n)
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ip route show
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# 查看直连路由
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ip route show table main
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2021-12-27 16:21:12 +08:00
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# 查看本地静态路由
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ip route show table local
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# 添加路由
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ip route add default via <gateway>
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ip route add default dev <netif>
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2021-12-29 21:46:44 +08:00
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ip route add <ip addr>[/<netmask>] via <gateway> [metric <metric>]
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ip route add <ip addr>[/<netmask>] [metric <metric>] dev <netif>
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2021-12-29 17:34:48 +08:00
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# 修改路由 如果带 netmask 则自动添加网关的路由
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2021-12-27 16:21:12 +08:00
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ip route change default via <gateway>
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ip route change default dev <netif>
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2021-12-29 21:46:44 +08:00
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ip route change <ip addr>[/<netmask>] via <gateway> [metric <metric>]
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ip route change <ip addr>[/<netmask>] [metric <metric>] dev <netif>
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2021-12-27 16:21:12 +08:00
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# 替换默认路由(存在则修改，不存在则新建)
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ip route replace default via <gateway>
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ip route replace default dev <netif>
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2021-12-29 21:46:44 +08:00
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ip route replace <ip addr>[/<netmask>] via <gateway> [metric <metric>]
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ip route replace <ip addr>[/<netmask>] [metric <metric>] dev <netif>
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2021-12-27 16:21:12 +08:00
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# 删除路由
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ip route del default via <gateway>
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ip route del default dev <netif>
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2021-12-29 21:46:44 +08:00
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ip route del <ip addr>[/<netmask>] via <gateway> [metric <metric>]
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ip route del <ip addr>[/<netmask>] [metric <metric>] dev <netif>
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2021-12-27 19:02:41 +08:00
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# 保存路由表到标准输出
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ip route save
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# 从标准输入恢复路由表
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ip route restore
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# 以特定规则清楚路由表
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ip route flush table main
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ip route flush table local
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ip route flush dev <netif>
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2021-12-27 14:51:42 +08:00
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```
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## ARP
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```bash
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# 显示 arp 表(ping 192.168.95.50，如果主机在同一局域网内，直接加到 arp 表)
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ip neigh show
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# 删除 arp 条目，条目仍然存在状态为 stale，下次通信需要确认
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ip neigh delete 192.168.95.50 dev <netif>
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```
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## 其他
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```bash
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# 显示缺省规则
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ip rule show
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```
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