#!/usr/bin/python # The contents of this file are in the public domain. See LICENSE_FOR_EXAMPLE_PROGRAMS.txt # # This example program shows how you can use dlib to make an object # detector for things like faces, pedestrians, and any other semi-rigid # object. In particular, we go though the steps to train the kind of sliding # window object detector first published by Dalal and Triggs in 2005 in the # paper Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection. # # # COMPILING/INSTALLING THE DLIB PYTHON INTERFACE # You can install dlib using the command: # pip install dlib # # Alternatively, if you want to compile dlib yourself then go into the dlib # root folder and run: # python setup.py install # or # python setup.py install --yes USE_AVX_INSTRUCTIONS # if you have a CPU that supports AVX instructions, since this makes some # things run faster. # # Compiling dlib should work on any operating system so long as you have # CMake and boost-python installed. On Ubuntu, this can be done easily by # running the command: # sudo apt-get install libboost-python-dev cmake # # Also note that this example requires scikit-image which can be installed # via the command: # pip install scikit-image # Or downloaded from http://scikit-image.org/download.html. import os import sys import glob import dlib from skimage import io # In this example we are going to train a face detector based on the small # faces dataset in the examples/faces directory. This means you need to supply # the path to this faces folder as a command line argument so we will know # where it is. if len(sys.argv) != 2: print( "Give the path to the examples/faces directory as the argument to this " "program. For example, if you are in the python_examples folder then " "execute this program by running:\n" " ./train_object_detector.py ../examples/faces") exit() faces_folder = sys.argv[1] # Now let's do the training. The train_simple_object_detector() function has a # bunch of options, all of which come with reasonable default values. The next # few lines goes over some of these options. options = dlib.simple_object_detector_training_options() # Since faces are left/right symmetric we can tell the trainer to train a # symmetric detector. This helps it get the most value out of the training # data. options.add_left_right_image_flips = True # The trainer is a kind of support vector machine and therefore has the usual # SVM C parameter. In general, a bigger C encourages it to fit the training # data better but might lead to overfitting. You must find the best C value # empirically by checking how well the trained detector works on a test set of # images you haven't trained on. Don't just leave the value set at 5. Try a # few different C values and see what works best for your data. options.C = 5 # Tell the code how many CPU cores your computer has for the fastest training. options.num_threads = 4 options.be_verbose = True training_xml_path = os.path.join(faces_folder, "training.xml") testing_xml_path = os.path.join(faces_folder, "testing.xml") # This function does the actual training. It will save the final detector to # detector.svm. The input is an XML file that lists the images in the training # dataset and also contains the positions of the face boxes. To create your # own XML files you can use the imglab tool which can be found in the # tools/imglab folder. It is a simple graphical tool for labeling objects in # images with boxes. To see how to use it read the tools/imglab/README.txt # file. But for this example, we just use the training.xml file included with # dlib. dlib.train_simple_object_detector(training_xml_path, "detector.svm", options) # Now that we have a face detector we can test it. The first statement tests # it on the training data. It will print(the precision, recall, and then) # average precision. print("") # Print blank line to create gap from previous output print("Training accuracy: {}".format( dlib.test_simple_object_detector(training_xml_path, "detector.svm"))) # However, to get an idea if it really worked without overfitting we need to # run it on images it wasn't trained on. The next line does this. Happily, we # see that the object detector works perfectly on the testing images. print("Testing accuracy: {}".format( dlib.test_simple_object_detector(testing_xml_path, "detector.svm"))) # Now let's use the detector as you would in a normal application. First we # will load it from disk. detector = dlib.simple_object_detector("detector.svm") # We can look at the HOG filter we learned. It should look like a face. Neat! win_det = dlib.image_window() win_det.set_image(detector) # Now let's run the detector over the images in the faces folder and display the # results. print("Showing detections on the images in the faces folder...") win = dlib.image_window() for f in glob.glob(os.path.join(faces_folder, "*.jpg")): print("Processing file: {}".format(f)) img = io.imread(f) dets = detector(img) print("Number of faces detected: {}".format(len(dets))) for k, d in enumerate(dets): print("Detection {}: Left: {} Top: {} Right: {} Bottom: {}".format( k, d.left(), d.top(), d.right(), d.bottom())) win.clear_overlay() win.set_image(img) win.add_overlay(dets) dlib.hit_enter_to_continue() # Finally, note that you don't have to use the XML based input to # train_simple_object_detector(). If you have already loaded your training # images and bounding boxes for the objects then you can call it as shown # below. # You just need to put your images into a list. images = [io.imread(faces_folder + '/2008_002506.jpg'), io.imread(faces_folder + '/2009_004587.jpg')] # Then for each image you make a list of rectangles which give the pixel # locations of the edges of the boxes. boxes_img1 = ([dlib.rectangle(left=329, top=78, right=437, bottom=186), dlib.rectangle(left=224, top=95, right=314, bottom=185), dlib.rectangle(left=125, top=65, right=214, bottom=155)]) boxes_img2 = ([dlib.rectangle(left=154, top=46, right=228, bottom=121), dlib.rectangle(left=266, top=280, right=328, bottom=342)]) # And then you aggregate those lists of boxes into one big list and then call # train_simple_object_detector(). boxes = [boxes_img1, boxes_img2] detector2 = dlib.train_simple_object_detector(images, boxes, options) # We could save this detector to disk by uncommenting the following. #detector2.save('detector2.svm') # Now let's look at its HOG filter! win_det.set_image(detector2) dlib.hit_enter_to_continue() # Note that you don't have to use the XML based input to # test_simple_object_detector(). If you have already loaded your training # images and bounding boxes for the objects then you can call it as shown # below. print("\nTraining accuracy: {}".format( dlib.test_simple_object_detector(images, boxes, detector2)))