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incubator-nuttx/libs/libc/netdb/lib_dnsquery.c

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/****************************************************************************
* libs/libc/netdb/lib_dnsquery.c
* DNS host name to IP address resolver.
*
* The DNS resolver functions are used to lookup a hostname and map it to a
* numerical IP address.
*
* Copyright (C) 2007, 2009, 2012, 2014-2018 Gregory Nutt. All rights
* reserved.
* Author: Gregory Nutt <gnutt@nuttx.org>
*
* Based heavily on portions of uIP:
*
* Author: Adam Dunkels <adam@dunkels.com>
* Copyright (c) 2002-2003, Adam Dunkels.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
* products derived from this software without specific prior
* written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
* GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
* WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Included Files
****************************************************************************/
#include <nuttx/config.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <debug.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <nuttx/net/net.h>
#include <nuttx/net/dns.h>
#include "netdb/lib_dns.h"
/****************************************************************************
* Pre-processor Definitions
****************************************************************************/
/* Buffer sizes
*
* The SEND_BUFFER_SIZE depends the configured DNS name size:
*
* sizeof(DNS query0 = Header (12 bytes) + DNS Name (Variable) +
* Query type (2 bytes) + Query Class (2 bytes)
*
* sizeof(DNS Name) = Encoded length (1 byte) + Maximum length of name +
* NUL-terminator (1 byte)
*/
#define SEND_BUFFER_SIZE (16 + CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_NAMESIZE + 2)
#define RECV_BUFFER_SIZE CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_MAXRESPONSE
/****************************************************************************
* Private Types
****************************************************************************/
struct dns_query_s
{
int sd; /* DNS server socket */
int result; /* Explanation of the failure */
FAR const char *hostname; /* Hostname to lookup */
FAR union dns_addr_u *addr; /* Location to return host address */
FAR int *naddr; /* Number of returned addresses */
};
/* Query info to check response against. */
struct dns_query_info_s
{
uint16_t id; /* Query ID */
uint16_t rectype; /* Queried record type */
uint16_t qnamelen; /* Queried hostname length */
char qname[CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_NAMESIZE + 2]; /* Queried hostname in
* encoded format + NUL */
};
/****************************************************************************
* Private Functions
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Name: dns_parse_name
*
* Description:
* Walk through a compact encoded DNS name and return the end of it.
*
* Input Parameters:
*
* query - A pointer to the starting byte of the name entry in the DNS
* response.
* queryend - A pointer to the byte after the last byte of the response.
*
* Returned Value:
* Pointer to the first byte after the parsed name, or the value of
* `queryend` if the name did not fit into provided DNS response.
*
****************************************************************************/
static FAR uint8_t *dns_parse_name(FAR uint8_t *query, FAR uint8_t *queryend)
{
uint8_t n;
while (query < queryend)
{
n = *query++;
/* Check for a leading or trailing pointer */
if ((n & 0xc0) != 0)
{
/* Eat second pointer byte and terminate search */
ninfo("Compressed answer\n");
query++;
break;
}
/* Check for final label with zero-length */
if (!n)
{
break;
}
/* Eat non-empty label */
query += n;
}
if (query >= queryend)
{
/* Always return `queryend` in case of errors */
nerr("ERROR: DNS response is too short\n");
query = queryend;
}
return query;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: dns_alloc_id
*
* Description:
* Gets a new ID for query. Function manufactures a reasonably unique ID,
* but we accept rare collisions, since they are harmless when resolver
* clients retry failed DNS few times.
*
****************************************************************************/
static inline uint16_t dns_alloc_id(void)
{
struct timespec ts;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
return (uint32_t)ts.tv_nsec + ((uint32_t)ts.tv_nsec >> 16);
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: dns_send_query
*
* Description:
* Runs through the list of names to see if there are any that have
* not yet been queried and, if so, sends out a query.
*
****************************************************************************/
static int dns_send_query(int sd, FAR const char *name,
FAR union dns_addr_u *uaddr, uint16_t rectype,
FAR struct dns_query_info_s *qinfo)
{
FAR struct dns_header_s *hdr;
FAR uint8_t *dest;
FAR uint8_t *nptr;
FAR char *qname;
FAR char *qptr;
FAR const char *src;
uint8_t buffer[SEND_BUFFER_SIZE];
uint16_t id;
socklen_t addrlen;
int ret;
int len;
int n;
/* Get a new ID for query */
id = dns_alloc_id();
/* Initialize the request header */
hdr = (FAR struct dns_header_s *)buffer;
memset(hdr, 0, sizeof(*hdr));
hdr->id = htons(id);
hdr->flags1 = DNS_FLAG1_RD;
hdr->numquestions = HTONS(1);
/* Convert hostname into suitable query format.
*
* There is space for CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_NAMESIZE
* plus one pre-pended name length and NUL-terminator
* (other pre-pended name lengths replace dots).
*/
src = name - 1;
dest = buffer + sizeof(*hdr);
qname = qinfo->qname;
len = 0;
do
{
/* Copy the name string to both query and saved info. */
src++;
nptr = dest++;
qptr = qname++;
len++;
for (n = 0;
*src != '.' && *src != '\0' &&
len <= CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_NAMESIZE;
src++)
{
*dest++ = *(FAR uint8_t *)src;
*qname++ = *(FAR uint8_t *)src;
n++;
len++;
}
/* Pre-pend the name length */
*nptr = n;
*qptr = n;
}
while (*src != '\0' && len <= CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_NAMESIZE);
/* Add NUL termination */
*dest++ = '\0';
*qname++ = '\0';
/* Store name length to saved info */
DEBUGASSERT(len <= CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_NAMESIZE + 1);
DEBUGASSERT(qname - qinfo->qname == len + 1);
qinfo->qnamelen = len;
/* Add DNS record type, and DNS class */
*dest++ = (rectype >> 8); /* DNS record type (big endian) */
*dest++ = (rectype & 0xff);
*dest++ = (DNS_CLASS_IN >> 8); /* DNS record class (big endian) */
*dest++ = (DNS_CLASS_IN & 0xff);
qinfo->rectype = htons(rectype);
qinfo->id = hdr->id;
/* Send the request */
if (uaddr->addr.sa_family == AF_INET)
{
addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
}
else
{
addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
}
ret = connect(sd, &uaddr->addr, addrlen);
if (ret < 0)
{
ret = -errno;
nerr("ERROR: connect failed: %d\n", ret);
return ret;
}
ret = _NX_SEND(sd, buffer, dest - buffer, 0);
if (ret < 0)
{
ret = -_NX_GETERRNO(ret);
nerr("ERROR: sendto failed: %d\n", ret);
return ret;
}
return OK;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: dns_recv_response
*
* Description:
* Called when new UDP data arrives
*
* Returned Value:
* Returns number of valid IP address responses. Negated errno value is
* returned in all other cases.
*
****************************************************************************/
static int dns_recv_response(int sd, FAR union dns_addr_u *addr, int naddr,
FAR struct dns_query_info_s *qinfo)
{
FAR uint8_t *nameptr;
FAR uint8_t *namestart;
FAR uint8_t *endofbuffer;
char buffer[RECV_BUFFER_SIZE];
FAR struct dns_answer_s *ans;
FAR struct dns_header_s *hdr;
FAR struct dns_question_s *que;
uint16_t nquestions;
uint16_t nanswers;
int naddr_read;
int ret;
if (naddr <= 0)
{
return -ERANGE;
}
/* Receive the response */
ret = _NX_RECV(sd, buffer, RECV_BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
if (ret < 0)
{
ret = -_NX_GETERRNO(ret);
nerr("ERROR: recv failed: %d\n", ret);
return ret;
}
if (ret < sizeof(*hdr))
{
/* DNS header can't fit in received data */
nerr("ERROR: DNS response is too short\n");
return -EILSEQ;
}
hdr = (FAR struct dns_header_s *)buffer;
endofbuffer = (FAR uint8_t *)buffer + ret;
ninfo("ID %d\n", ntohs(hdr->id));
ninfo("Query %d\n", hdr->flags1 & DNS_FLAG1_RESPONSE);
ninfo("Error %d\n", hdr->flags2 & DNS_FLAG2_ERR_MASK);
ninfo("Num questions %d, answers %d, authrr %d, extrarr %d\n",
ntohs(hdr->numquestions), ntohs(hdr->numanswers),
ntohs(hdr->numauthrr), ntohs(hdr->numextrarr));
/* Check for error */
if ((hdr->flags2 & DNS_FLAG2_ERR_MASK) != 0)
{
nerr("ERROR: DNS reported error: flags2=%02x\n", hdr->flags2);
return -EPROTO;
}
/* Check for matching ID. */
if (hdr->id != qinfo->id)
{
nerr("ERROR: DNS wrong response ID (expected %d, got %d)\n",
ntohs(qinfo->id), ntohs(hdr->id));
return -EBADMSG;
}
/* We only care about the question(s) and the answers. The authrr
* and the extrarr are simply discarded.
*/
nquestions = ntohs(hdr->numquestions);
nanswers = ntohs(hdr->numanswers);
/* We only ever send queries with one question. */
if (nquestions != 1)
{
nerr("ERROR: DNS wrong number of questions %d\n", nquestions);
return -EBADMSG;
}
/* Skip the name in the answer, but do check that it
* matches against the name in the question.
*/
namestart = (uint8_t *)buffer + sizeof(*hdr);
nameptr = dns_parse_name(namestart, endofbuffer);
if (nameptr == endofbuffer)
{
return -EILSEQ;
}
/* Since dns_parse_name() skips any pointer bytes,
* we cannot compare for equality here.
*/
if (nameptr - namestart < qinfo->qnamelen)
{
nerr("ERROR: DNS response name wrong length\n");
return -EBADMSG;
}
/* qname is NUL-terminated and we must include NUL to the comparison. */
if (memcmp(namestart, qinfo->qname, qinfo->qnamelen + 1) != 0)
{
nerr("ERROR: DNS response with wrong name\n");
return -EBADMSG;
}
/* Validate query type and class */
que = (FAR struct dns_question_s *)nameptr;
ninfo("Question: type=%04x, class=%04x\n",
ntohs(que->type), ntohs(que->class));
if (que->type != qinfo->rectype ||
que->class != HTONS(DNS_CLASS_IN))
{
nerr("ERROR: DNS response with wrong question\n");
return -EBADMSG;
}
/* Skip over question */
nameptr += sizeof(struct dns_question_s);
ret = OK;
naddr_read = 0;
for (; nanswers > 0; nanswers--)
{
/* Each answer starts with a name */
nameptr = dns_parse_name(nameptr, endofbuffer);
if (nameptr == endofbuffer)
{
ret = -EILSEQ;
nwarn("Further parse returned %d\n", ret);
break;
}
ans = (FAR struct dns_answer_s *)nameptr;
ninfo("Answer: type=%04x, class=%04x, ttl=%06x, length=%04x \n",
ntohs(ans->type), ntohs(ans->class),
(ntohs(ans->ttl[0]) << 16) | ntohs(ans->ttl[1]),
ntohs(ans->len));
/* Check for IPv4/6 address type and Internet class. Others are
* discarded.
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_IPv4
if (ans->type == HTONS(DNS_RECTYPE_A) &&
ans->class == HTONS(DNS_CLASS_IN) &&
ans->len == HTONS(4) &&
nameptr + 10 + 4 <= endofbuffer)
{
FAR struct sockaddr_in *inaddr;
nameptr += 10 + 4;
ninfo("IPv4 address: %d.%d.%d.%d\n",
(int)((ans->u.ipv4.s_addr) & 0xff),
(int)((ans->u.ipv4.s_addr >> 8) & 0xff),
(int)((ans->u.ipv4.s_addr >> 16) & 0xff),
(int)((ans->u.ipv4.s_addr >> 24) & 0xff));
inaddr = &addr[naddr_read].ipv4;
inaddr->sin_family = AF_INET;
inaddr->sin_port = 0;
inaddr->sin_addr.s_addr = ans->u.ipv4.s_addr;
if (++naddr_read >= naddr)
{
ret = -ERANGE;
break;
}
}
else
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_IPv6
if (ans->type == HTONS(DNS_RECTYPE_AAAA) &&
ans->class == HTONS(DNS_CLASS_IN) &&
ans->len == HTONS(16) &&
nameptr + 10 + 16 <= endofbuffer)
{
FAR struct sockaddr_in6 *inaddr;
nameptr += 10 + 16;
ninfo("IPv6 address: %04x:%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x\n",
ntohs(ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr[7]), ntohs(ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr[6]),
ntohs(ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr[5]), ntohs(ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr[4]),
ntohs(ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr[3]), ntohs(ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr[2]),
ntohs(ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr[1]), ntohs(*ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr));
inaddr = &addr[naddr_read].ipv6;
inaddr->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
inaddr->sin6_port = 0;
memcpy(inaddr->sin6_addr.s6_addr, ans->u.ipv6.s6_addr, 16);
if (++naddr_read >= naddr)
{
ret = -ERANGE;
break;
}
}
else
#endif
{
nameptr = nameptr + 10 + ntohs(ans->len);
}
}
if (naddr_read == 0 && ret == OK)
{
ret = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
}
return naddr_read > 0 ? naddr_read : ret;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: dns_query_callback
*
* Description:
* Using the DNS information and this DNS server address, look up the
* hostname.
*
* Input Parameters:
* arg - Query arguments
* addr - DNS name server address
* addrlen - Length of the DNS name server address.
*
* Returned Value:
* Returns one (1) if the query was successful. Zero is returned in all
* other cases. The result field of the query structure is set to a
* negated errno value indicate the reason for the last failure (only).
*
****************************************************************************/
static int dns_query_callback(FAR void *arg, FAR struct sockaddr *addr,
FAR socklen_t addrlen)
{
FAR struct dns_query_s *query = (FAR struct dns_query_s *)arg;
FAR struct dns_query_info_s qinfo;
int next = 0;
int retries;
int ret;
/* Loop while receive timeout errors occur and there are remaining
* retries.
*/
for (retries = 0; retries < CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_RETRIES; retries++)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_IPv6
/* Send the IPv6 query */
ret = dns_send_query(query->sd, query->hostname,
(FAR union dns_addr_u *)addr,
DNS_RECTYPE_AAAA, &qinfo);
if (ret < 0)
{
nerr("ERROR: IPv6 dns_send_query failed: %d\n", ret);
query->result = ret;
}
else
{
/* Obtain the IPv6 response */
ret = dns_recv_response(query->sd, &query->addr[next],
*query->naddr - next, &qinfo);
if (ret >= 0)
{
next += ret;
}
else
{
nerr("ERROR: IPv6 dns_recv_response failed: %d\n", ret);
query->result = ret;
}
}
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_IPv4
/* Send the IPv4 query */
ret = dns_send_query(query->sd, query->hostname,
(FAR union dns_addr_u *)addr,
DNS_RECTYPE_A, &qinfo);
if (ret < 0)
{
nerr("ERROR: IPv4 dns_send_query failed: %d\n", ret);
query->result = ret;
}
else
{
/* Obtain the IPv4 response */
ret = dns_recv_response(query->sd, &query->addr[next],
*query->naddr - next, &qinfo);
if (ret >= 0)
{
next += ret;
}
else
{
nerr("ERROR: IPv4 dns_recv_response failed: %d\n", ret);
query->result = ret;
}
}
#endif /* CONFIG_NET_IPv4 */
if (next > 0)
{
#if CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT_ENTRIES > 0
/* Save the answer in the DNS cache */
dns_save_answer(query->hostname, query->addr, next);
#endif
/* Return 1 to indicate to (1) stop the traversal, and (2)
* indicate that the address was found.
*/
*query->naddr = next;
return 1;
}
else if (query->result != -EAGAIN)
{
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Public Functions
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Name: dns_query
*
* Description:
* Using the DNS resolver socket (sd), look up the 'hostname', and
* return its IP address in 'ipaddr'
*
* Input Parameters:
* sd - The socket descriptor previously initialized by dsn_bind().
* hostname - The hostname string to be resolved.
* addr - The location to return the IP addresses associated with the
* hostname.
* naddr - On entry, the count of addresses backing up the 'addr'
* pointer. On return, this location will hold the actual count of
* the returned addresses.
*
* Returned Value:
* Returns zero (OK) if the query was successful.
*
****************************************************************************/
int dns_query(int sd, FAR const char *hostname, FAR union dns_addr_u *addr,
FAR int *naddr)
{
FAR struct dns_query_s query;
int ret;
/* Set up the query info structure */
query.sd = sd;
query.result = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
query.hostname = hostname;
query.addr = addr;
query.naddr = naddr;
/* Perform the query. dns_foreach_nameserver() will return:
*
* 1 - The query was successful.
* 0 - Look up failed
* <0 - Some other failure (?, shouldn't happen)
*/
ret = dns_foreach_nameserver(dns_query_callback, &query);
if (ret > 0)
{
/* The lookup was successful */
ret = OK;
}
else if (ret == 0)
{
ret = query.result;
}
return ret;
}
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