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incubator-nuttx/drivers/mtd/mtd_onfi.c

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/****************************************************************************
* include/nuttx/mtd/mtd_onfi.c
*
* ONFI Support. The Open NAND Flash Interface (ONFI) is an industry
* Workgroup made up of more than 100 companies that build, design-in, or
* enable NAND Flash memory. This file provides definitions for standardized
* ONFI NAND interfaces.
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved.
* Author: Gregory Nutt <gnutt@nuttx.org>
*
* This ONFI logic was based largely on Atmel sample code with modifications
* for better integration with NuttX. The Atmel sample code has a BSD
* compatible license that requires this copyright notice:
*
* Copyright (c) 2010, Atmel Corporation
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
* 3. Neither the names NuttX nor Atmel nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
* OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
* ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Included Files
****************************************************************************/
#include <nuttx/config.h>
#include <nuttx/mtd/nand_config.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <debug.h>
#include <nuttx/mtd/nand_model.h>
#include <nuttx/mtd/onfi.h>
/****************************************************************************
* Pre-processor Definitions
****************************************************************************/
/* NAND status bit mask */
#define STATUS_BIT_0 0x01
#define STATUS_BIT_1 0x02
#define STATUS_BIT_5 0x20
#define STATUS_BIT_6 0x40
#define NAND_MFR_MICRON 0x2c
/* Nand flash commands */
#define NAND_CMD_RESET 0xff
#define NAND_CMD_READ0 0x00
#define NAND_CMD_READID 0x90
#define NAND_CMD_STATUS 0x70
#define NAND_CMD_READ_PARAM_PAGE 0xec
#define NAND_CMD_SET_FEATURE 0xef
#define EBICSA_EBI_DBPDC (1 << 9)
#define EBICSA_NAND_D0_ON_D16 (1 << 24)
/* Misc. definitions */
#define MAX_READ_STATUS_COUNT 100000 /* Read status timeout */
#define ONFI_PARAM_TABLE_SIZE 116 /* Not all 256 bytes are useful */
/* NAND access macros */
#define WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(d,c) \
do { \
*(volatile uint8_t *)((uintptr_t)(c)) = (uint8_t)(d); \
} while (0)
#define WRITE_NAND_ADDRESS(d,b) \
do { \
*(volatile uint8_t *)((uintptr_t)(b)) = (uint8_t)(d); \
} while (0)
#define READ_NAND(a) \
((*(volatile uint8_t *)(uint32_t)a))
#define WRITE_NAND(d,a) \
do { \
*(volatile uint8_t *)((uintptr_t)a) = (uint8_t)d; \
} while (0)
/****************************************************************************
* Private Types
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Private Data
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Private Functions
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Name: onfi_readstatus
*
* Description:
* This function Reads the status register of the NAND device by issuing a
* 0x70 command.
*
* Input Parameters:
* cmdaddr - NAND command address base
* dataaddr - NAND data address
*
* Returned Value:
* OK : The function completed operation successfully
* -EIO : The function dif not complete operation successfully
* -ETIMEDOUT : A time out occurred before the operation completed
*
****************************************************************************/
static int onfi_readstatus(uintptr_t cmdaddr, uintptr_t dataaddr)
{
uint32_t timeout;
uint8_t status;
/* Issue command */
WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(NAND_CMD_STATUS, cmdaddr);
timeout = 0;
while (timeout < MAX_READ_STATUS_COUNT)
{
/* Read status byte */
status = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
/* Check status. If status bit 6 = 1 device is ready */
if ((status & STATUS_BIT_6) == STATUS_BIT_6)
{
/* If status bit 0 = 0 the last operation was successful */
if ((status & STATUS_BIT_0) == 0)
{
return OK;
}
else
{
return -EIO;
}
}
timeout++;
}
return -ETIMEDOUT;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: onfi_have_embeddedecc
*
* Description:
* This function check if the Nandflash has an embedded ECC controller.
*
* Input Parameters:
* onfi - An initialized ONFI data structure.
*
* Returned Value:
* True - Internal ECC supported
* False - Internal ECC not supported.
*
****************************************************************************/
#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_NAND_EMBEDDEDECC
bool onfi_have_embeddedecc(FAR struct onfi_pgparam_s *onfi)
{
/* Check if the Nandflash has an embedded ECC controller. Known memories
* with this feature:
*
* - Manufacturer ID = 0x2c (Micron)
* - Number of bits ECC = 0x04 (4-bit ECC means process 34nm)
* - device size = 1Gb or 2Gb or 4Gb (Number of data bytes per page x
* Number of pages per block x Number of blocks per unit)
*/
return ((onfi->manufacturer & NAND_MFR_MICRON) == NAND_MFR_MICRON &&
onfi->eccsize == 4 &&
(onfi->model == '1' || onfi->model == '2' || onfi->model == '4'));
}
#endif
/****************************************************************************
* Public Functions
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Name: onfi_compatible
*
* Description:
* This function read an the ONFI signature at address of 20h to detect
* if the device is ONFI compatiable.
*
* Input Parameters:
* cmdaddr - NAND command address base
* addraddr - NAND address address base
* dataaddr - NAND data address
*
* Returned Value:
* True if ONFI compatible
*
****************************************************************************/
bool onfi_compatible(uintptr_t cmdaddr, uintptr_t addraddr,
uintptr_t dataaddr)
{
uint8_t parmtab[ONFI_PARAM_TABLE_SIZE];
/* Check if the Nandflash is ONFI compliant */
WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(NAND_CMD_READID, cmdaddr);
WRITE_NAND_ADDRESS(0x20, addraddr);
parmtab[0] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
parmtab[1] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
parmtab[2] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
parmtab[3] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
return
(parmtab[0] == 'O' && parmtab[1] == 'N' &&
parmtab[2] == 'F' && parmtab[3] == 'I');
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: onfi_read
*
* Description:
* If the addresses refer to a compatible ONFI device, then read the ONFI
* parameters from the FLASH into the user provided data staructure.
*
* Input Parameters:
* cmdaddr - NAND command address base
* addraddr - NAND address address base
* dataaddr - NAND data address
* onfi - The ONFI data structure to populate.
*
* Returned Value:
* OK is returned on success and the the ONFI data structure is initialized
* with NAND data. A negated errno value is returned in the event of an
* error.
*
****************************************************************************/
int onfi_read(uintptr_t cmdaddr, uintptr_t addraddr, uintptr_t dataaddr,
FAR struct onfi_pgparam_s *onfi)
{
uint8_t parmtab[ONFI_PARAM_TABLE_SIZE];
int i;
fvdbg("cmdaddr=%08x addraddr=%08x dataaddr=%08x\n",
(int)cmdaddr, (int)addraddr, (int)dataaddr);
if (!onfi_compatible(cmdaddr, addraddr, dataaddr))
{
fdbg("ERROR: No ONFI compatible device detected\n");
return -ENODEV;
}
/* Initialize the ONFI parameter table */
memset(parmtab, 0xff, ONFI_PARAM_TABLE_SIZE);
/* Perform Read Parameter Page command */
WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(NAND_CMD_READ_PARAM_PAGE, cmdaddr);
WRITE_NAND_ADDRESS(0x0, addraddr);
/* Wait NF ready */
onfi_readstatus(cmdaddr, dataaddr);
/* Re-enable data output mode required after Read Status command */
WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(NAND_CMD_READ0, cmdaddr);
/* Read the parameter table */
for (i = 0; i < ONFI_PARAM_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
{
parmtab[i] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
}
for (i = 0; i < ONFI_PARAM_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
{
if (parmtab[i] != 0xff)
{
break;
}
}
if (i == ONFI_PARAM_TABLE_SIZE)
{
fdbg("ERROR: Failed to read ONFI parameter table\n");
return -EIO;
}
/* JEDEC manufacturer ID */
onfi->manufacturer = *(uint8_t *)(parmtab + 64);
/* Bus width */
onfi->buswidth = (*(uint8_t *)(parmtab + 6)) & 0x01;
/* Get number of data bytes per page (bytes 80-83 in the param table) */
onfi->pagesize = *(uint32_t *)(void*)(parmtab + 80);
/* Get number of spare bytes per page (bytes 84-85 in the param table) */
onfi->sparesize = *(uint16_t *)(void*)(parmtab + 84);
/* Number of pages per block. */
onfi->pagesperblock = *(uint32_t *)(void*)(parmtab + 92);
/* Number of blocks per logical unit (LUN). */
onfi->blocksperlun = *(uint32_t *)(void*)(parmtab + 96);
/* Number of logical units. */
onfi->luns = *(uint8_t *)(parmtab + 100);
/* Number of bits of ECC correction */
onfi->eccsize = *(uint8_t *)(parmtab + 112);
/* Device model */
onfi->model= *(uint8_t *)(parmtab + 49);
fvdbg("Returning:\n");
fvdbg(" manufacturer: 0x%02x\n", onfi->manufacturer);
fvdbg(" buswidth: %d\n", onfi->buswidth);
fvdbg(" luns: %d\n", onfi->luns);
fvdbg(" eccsize: %d\n", onfi->eccsize);
fvdbg(" model: 0x%02s\n", onfi->model);
fvdbg(" sparesize: %d\n", onfi->sparesize);
fvdbg(" pagesperblock: %d\n", onfi->pagesperblock);
fvdbg(" blocksperlun: %d\n", onfi->blocksperlun);
fvdbg(" pagesize: %d\n", onfi->pagesize);
return OK;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: onfi_embeddedecc
*
* Description:
* Enable or disable the NAND's embedded ECC controller.
*
* Input Parameters:
* onfi - An initialized ONFI data structure.
* cmdaddr - NAND command address base
* addraddr - NAND address address base
* dataaddr - NAND data address
* enable - True: enabled the embedded ECC function; False: disable it
*
* Returned Value:
* True - Internal ECC enabled or disabled successfully
* False - Internal ECC not supported.
*
****************************************************************************/
#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_NAND_EMBEDDEDECC
bool onfi_embeddedecc(FAR const struct onfi_pgparam_s *onfi,
uintptr_t cmdaddr, uintptr_t addraddr,
uintptr_t dataaddr, bool enable)
{
/* Does the NAND supported the embedded ECC function? */
if (onfi_have_embeddedecc(onfi))
{
/* Yes... enable or disable it */
/* Perform common setup */
WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(NAND_CMD_SET_FEATURE, cmdaddr);
WRITE_NAND_ADDRESS(0x90, addraddr);
if (enable)
{
/* Activate the internal ECC controller */
WRITE_NAND(0x08, dataaddr);
WRITE_NAND(0x00, dataaddr);
WRITE_NAND(0x00, dataaddr);
WRITE_NAND(0x00, dataaddr);
setSmcOpEccType(SMC_ECC_INTERNAL);
}
else
{
/* De-activate the internal ECC controller */
WRITE_NAND(0x00, dataaddr);
WRITE_NAND(0x00, dataaddr);
WRITE_NAND(0x00, dataaddr);
WRITE_NAND(0x00, dataaddr);
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
#endif
/****************************************************************************
* Name: onfi_ebidetect
*
* Description:
* Detect Nand connection on EBI
*
* Input Parameters:
* cmdaddr - NAND command address base
* addraddr - NAND address address base
* dataaddr - NAND data address
*
* Returned Value:
* True if the chip is detected; false otherwise.
*
****************************************************************************/
bool onfi_ebidetect(uintptr_t cmdaddr, uintptr_t addraddr,
uintptr_t dataaddr)
{
uint32_t timer;
uint8_t rc;
bool found = false;
uint8_t ids[4];
uint8_t i;
fvdbg("cmdaddr=%08x addraddr=%08x dataaddr=%08x\n",
(int)cmdaddr, (int)addraddr, (int)dataaddr);
/* Send Reset command */
WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(NAND_CMD_RESET, cmdaddr);
/* If a Nandflash is connected, it should answer to a read status command */
for (timer = 0; timer < 60; timer++)
{
rc = onfi_readstatus(cmdaddr, dataaddr);
if (rc == OK)
{
WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(NAND_CMD_READID, cmdaddr);
WRITE_NAND_ADDRESS(0, addraddr);
ids[0] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
ids[1] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
ids[2] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
ids[3] = READ_NAND(dataaddr);
for (i = 0; i< NAND_NMODELS ; i++)
{
if (g_nandmodels[i].devid == ids[1])
{
found = true;
break;
}
}
break;
}
}
if (!found)
{
if (onfi_compatible(cmdaddr, addraddr, dataaddr))
{
/* Report true if it is an ONFI device that is not in device
* list (perhaps it is a new device that is ONFI campatible
*/
found = true;
}
}
return found;
}
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