adc: Implement ADC driver interface for MCP3008 over SPI. Includes documentation page for the driver, and inclusion of driver registration code for RP2040-based boards.
This commit is contained in:
Matteo Golin
Xiang Xiao
parent
9b0fc1277b
commit
bbc95d70db
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@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
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.. _adc-example:
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=====================
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``adc`` Read from ADC
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=====================
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@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
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=======
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MCP3008
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=======
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Contributed by Matteo Golin
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The MCP3008 is a 10-bit, 8-channel ADC made by Microchip which operates over
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SPI.
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There is the option to operate in single-ended mode, which measures the voltage
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on each channel individually, or differential mode which measures the voltage
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difference between pairs of channels.
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When operating in differential mode, the channel numbers below correspond to the
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listed differential pairs:
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.. list-table:: Differential pair channel numbers
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:widths: auto
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* - Channel number
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- Sources
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* - 0
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- CH0+, CH1-
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* - 1
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- CH0-, CH1+
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* - 2
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- CH2+, CH3-
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* - 3
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- CH2-, CH3+
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* - 4
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- CH4+, CH5-
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* - 5
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- CH4-, CH5+
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* - 6
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- CH6+, CH7-
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* - 7
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- CH6-, CH7+
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Driver Interface
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---------------------
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To register the MCP3008 device driver as a standard NuttX analog device on your
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board, you can use something similar to the below code for the RP2040.
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.. code-block:: c
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#include <nuttx/analog/mcp3008.h>
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#include <nuttx/analog/adc.h>
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/* Register MCP3008 ADC */
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struct spi_dev_s *spi = rp2040_spibus_initialize(0);
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if (spi == NULL)
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{
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syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to initialize SPI bus 0\n");
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}
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struct adc_dev_s *mcp3008 = mcp3008_initialize(spi);
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if (mcp3008 == NULL)
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{
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syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to initialize MCP3008\n");
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}
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int ret = adc_register("/dev/adc1", mcp3008);
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if (ret < 0)
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{
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syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to register MCP3008 device driver: %d\n", ret);
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}
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Once registered, this driver can be interacted with using the ADC example
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(:ref:`adc-example`). Be sure to enable the software trigger, since the MCP3008
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driver does not support hardware triggers (interrupts). You can also change the
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number of samples per group up to 8 for all 8 channels of the ADC.
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You may need to increase the `CONFIG_ADC_FIFOSIZE` value to something larger
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than 8 in order to be able to store all the ADC measurements after a measurement
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trigger (i.e 9).
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You can configure the driver in differential mode by default using the
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`CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_DIFFERENTIAL` configuration option.
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You can also configure the speed of SPI communications to the MCP3008 using the
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`CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_SPI_FREQUENCY` configuration option. This speed should be
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selected based on the supply voltage used to power the MCP3008:
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.. list-table:: SPI frequencies for supply voltage
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:widths: auto
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:header-rows: 1
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* - Supply Voltage
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- Frequency
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* - VDD >= 4V
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- 3.6MHz
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* - VDD >= 3.3V
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- 2.34MHz
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* - VDD = 2.7V
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- 1.35MHz
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If you have a measurement from the MCP3008, you can convert it into a voltage
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like so:
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.. code-block:: c
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#define VREF (3.3) /* Whatever voltage is used on the VREF pin */
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struct adc_msg_s msg;
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/* Some code here to read the ADC device, you can read the ADC driver docs */
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double voltage = ((double)msg.am_data * VREF) / (1023.0);
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There is also an additional `ioctl()` command supported for the MCP3008 that
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permits you to switch from differential to single ended mode at runtime:
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.. c:macro:: ANIOC_MCP3008_DIFF
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This command changes the mode of the MCP3008 driver. The argument passed should
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be 0 to disable differential mode (and thus use single-ended mode), and 1 to
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enable differential mode. No other values are allowed.
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@ -87,6 +87,12 @@
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#include "rp2040_adc.h"
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#endif
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#if defined(CONFIG_ADC) && defined(CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008)
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#include <nuttx/analog/mcp3008.h>
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#include <nuttx/analog/adc.h>
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#include "rp2040_spi.h"
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#endif
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#if defined(CONFIG_RP2040_BOARD_HAS_WS2812) && defined(CONFIG_WS2812)
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#include "rp2040_ws2812.h"
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#endif
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@ -446,6 +452,28 @@ int rp2040_common_bringup(void)
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}
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#endif
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#ifdef CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008
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/* Register MCP3008 ADC. */
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struct spi_dev_s *spi = rp2040_spibus_initialize(0);
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if (spi == NULL)
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{
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syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to initialize SPI bus 0\n");
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}
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struct adc_dev_s *mcp3008 = mcp3008_initialize(spi);
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if (mcp3008 == NULL)
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{
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syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to initialize MCP3008\n");
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}
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ret = adc_register("/dev/adc1", mcp3008);
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if (ret < 0)
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{
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syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to register MCP3008 device driver: %d\n", ret);
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}
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#endif
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#ifdef CONFIG_FS_PROCFS
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/* Mount the procfs file system */
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@ -95,6 +95,10 @@ if(CONFIG_ADC)
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if(CONFIG_ADC_HX711)
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list(APPEND SRCS hx711.c)
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endif()
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if(CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008)
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list(APPEND SRCS mcp3008.c)
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endif()
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endif()
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if(CONFIG_LMP92001)
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@ -229,6 +229,34 @@ config ADC_HA711_ADD_DELAY
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endif # ADC_HX711
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config ADC_MCP3008
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bool "MCP3008 support"
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default n
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select SPI
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---help---
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Enable driver support for the Microchip MCP3008 8-channel, 10-bit ADC.
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if ADC_MCP3008
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config ADC_MCP3008_SPI_FREQUENCY
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int "Frequency in Hz"
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default 2340000
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range 0 3600000
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---help---
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The frequency of SPI communications to the MCP3008, which also has an
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effect on sample frequency. 3.6MHz is recommended for VDD >= 4V, 2.34MHz
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for VDD >= 3.3V and 1.35MHz for VDD = 2.7V.
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config ADC_MCP3008_DIFFERENTIAL
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bool "Differential mode"
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default n
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---help---
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If yes, MCP3008 will be used in differential mode, which uses channel pairs
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to measure differential signals. Otherwise, single-ended mode is used which
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measures the voltage on each channel individually.
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endif # ADC_MCP3008
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endif # ADC
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config COMP
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@ -107,6 +107,10 @@ endif
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_ADC_HX711),y)
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CSRCS += hx711.c
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endif
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008),y)
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CSRCS += mcp3008.c
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endif
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endif
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_LMP92001),y)
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@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
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/****************************************************************************
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* drivers/analog/mcp3008.c
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*
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* Contributed by Matteo Golin
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*
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* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
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* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
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* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The
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* ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
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* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the
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* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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*
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* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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*
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* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
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* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
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* License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
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* under the License.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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/****************************************************************************
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* Included Files
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****************************************************************************/
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#include <nuttx/config.h>
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#include <assert.h>
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#include <debug.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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#include <stdbool.h>
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#include <stdint.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <nuttx/analog/adc.h>
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#include <nuttx/arch.h>
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#include <nuttx/kmalloc.h>
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#include <nuttx/spi/spi.h>
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#include <nuttx/analog/mcp3008.h>
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/****************************************************************************
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* Preprocessor definitions
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****************************************************************************/
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#if !defined(CONFIG_SPI)
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#error "SPI Support Required."
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#endif
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#define MCP3008_NUM_CHANNELS 8
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/* 3.6MHz is recommended for VDD >= 4V
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* 2.34MHz is recommended for VDD >= 3.3V
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* 1.35MHz is recommended for VDD = 2.7V
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*/
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#ifndef CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_SPI_FREQUENCY
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#define CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_SPI_FREQUENCY 2340000
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#endif /* CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_SPI_FREQUENCY */
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/* Single-ended or differential modes */
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#ifndef CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_DIFFERENTIAL
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#define CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_DIFFERENTIAL 0
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#endif /* CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_DIFFERENTIAL */
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#define MCP3008_SPI_MODE (SPIDEV_MODE0)
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#if defined(CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008)
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/****************************************************************************
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* Private Types
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****************************************************************************/
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struct mcp3008_dev_s
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{
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FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi; /* SPI interface */
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FAR const struct adc_callback_s *cb;
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bool diff; /* True if the ADC is in differential mode, false otherwise. */
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};
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/****************************************************************************
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* Private Function Prototypes
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****************************************************************************/
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/* ADC methods */
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static int mcp3008_bind(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev,
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FAR const struct adc_callback_s *callback);
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static void mcp3008_reset(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev);
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static int mcp3008_setup(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev);
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static void mcp3008_shutdown(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev);
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static void mcp3008_rxint(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev, bool enable);
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static int mcp3008_ioctl(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev, int cmd,
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unsigned long arg);
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/****************************************************************************
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* Private Data
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****************************************************************************/
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static const struct adc_ops_s g_mcp3008ops =
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{
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.ao_bind = mcp3008_bind,
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.ao_reset = mcp3008_reset,
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.ao_setup = mcp3008_setup,
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.ao_shutdown = mcp3008_shutdown,
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.ao_rxint = mcp3008_rxint,
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.ao_ioctl = mcp3008_ioctl,
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};
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/****************************************************************************
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* Private Functions
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****************************************************************************/
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: mcp3008_configspi
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*
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* Description:
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* Configure the SPI interface for the MCP3008.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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static inline void mcp3008_configspi(FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi)
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{
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SPI_SETMODE(spi, MCP3008_SPI_MODE);
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SPI_SETBITS(spi, 8);
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SPI_HWFEATURES(spi, 0);
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SPI_SETFREQUENCY(spi, CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_SPI_FREQUENCY);
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}
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: mcp3008_readchannel
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*
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* Description:
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* Read the corresponding channel of the MCP3008 ADC.
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*
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* Input Parameters:
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* priv - An MCP3008 device structure.
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* msg - An ADC message struct where the am_channel member contains the
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* channel number to be read, and where the am_data member is where the
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* reading is stored.
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*
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* NOTE:
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* When single-ended mode is enabled, the channel number will correspond
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* directly to the channel number (0-7) on the ADC.
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* When differential mode is enabled, the channel numbers will correspond
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* to the following differential pairs:
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*
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* msg->am_channel Source
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* 0 CH0+, CH1-
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* 1 CH0-, CH1+
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* 2 CH2+, CH3-
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* 3 CH2-, CH3+
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* 4 CH4+, CH5-
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* 5 CH4-, CH5+
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* 6 CH6+, CH7-
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* 7 CH6-, CH7+
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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static int mcp3008_readchannel(FAR struct mcp3008_dev_s *priv,
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FAR struct adc_msg_s *msg)
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{
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/* First byte is 0s followed by start byte.
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* Second byte is control bits, set later.
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* Third byte contents do not matter, but are 0 here.
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*
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* When data is received into this buffer:
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* First byte is garbage.
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* Second and third byte contain b9-b0.
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*/
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uint8_t data[3] =
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{
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1, 0, 0
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};
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DEBUGASSERT(priv != NULL);
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DEBUGASSERT(msg != NULL);
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if (priv->diff)
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{
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data[1] = 0x0; /* Differential control bits start with 0 in MSB. */
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}
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else
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{
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data[1] = 0x8; /* Single-ended control bits start with 1 in MSB. */
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}
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/* Only get last three bits of the channel since there are only 8 channels.
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*/
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data[1] |= (msg->am_channel & 0x7);
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data[1] <<= 4;
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/* Send control message */
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SPI_LOCK(priv->spi, true);
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mcp3008_configspi(priv->spi);
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SPI_SELECT(priv->spi, SPIDEV_ADC(0), true);
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SPI_EXCHANGE(priv->spi, data, data, sizeof(data));
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SPI_SELECT(priv->spi, SPIDEV_ADC(0), false);
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SPI_LOCK(priv->spi, false);
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/* Mask out anything not part of the 10 measurement bits */
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msg->am_data = ((data[1] & 3) << 8) + (data[2]);
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return 0;
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}
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: mcp3008_bind
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*
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* Description:
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* Bind the upper-half driver callbacks to the lower-half implementation.
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* This must be called early in order to receive ADC event notifications.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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static int mcp3008_bind(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev,
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FAR const struct adc_callback_s *callback)
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{
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FAR struct mcp3008_dev_s *priv = (FAR struct mcp3008_dev_s *)dev->ad_priv;
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DEBUGASSERT(priv != NULL);
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priv->cb = callback;
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return 0;
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}
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: mcp3008_reset
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*
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* Description:
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* Reset the ADC device. Called early to initialize the hardware. This
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* is called, before ao_setup() and on error conditions.
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* The MCP3008 can't be reset, nothing needs to be done here.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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static void mcp3008_reset(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev)
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{
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}
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: mcp3008_setup
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*
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* Description:
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* Configure the ADC. This method is called the first time that the ADC
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* device is opened.
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* MCP3008 runs as soon as it is powered. There is no setup required.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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static int mcp3008_setup(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev)
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{
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return OK;
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}
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: mcp3008_shutdown
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*
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* Description:
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* Disable the ADC. This method is called when the ADC device is closed.
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* This method should reverse the operation of the setup method.
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* The MCP3008 cannot be shutdown unless powered off, so nothing is
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* required.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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static void mcp3008_shutdown(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev)
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{
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}
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: mcp3008_rxint
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*
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* Description:
|
||||
* Needed for ADC upper-half compatibility but conversion interrupts
|
||||
* are not supported by the MCP3008.
|
||||
*
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
static void mcp3008_rxint(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev, bool enable)
|
||||
{
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/****************************************************************************
|
||||
* Name: mcp3008_ioctl
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Description:
|
||||
* All ioctl calls will be routed through this method.
|
||||
*
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
static int mcp3008_ioctl(FAR struct adc_dev_s *dev, int cmd,
|
||||
unsigned long arg)
|
||||
{
|
||||
FAR struct mcp3008_dev_s *priv = (FAR struct mcp3008_dev_s *)dev->ad_priv;
|
||||
int ret = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
switch (cmd)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* Trigger a measurement */
|
||||
|
||||
case ANIOC_TRIGGER:
|
||||
{
|
||||
struct adc_msg_s msg;
|
||||
|
||||
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < MCP3008_NUM_CHANNELS && (ret == 0); i++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
msg.am_channel = i;
|
||||
ret = mcp3008_readchannel(priv, &msg);
|
||||
if (ret == 0)
|
||||
{
|
||||
priv->cb->au_receive(dev, i, msg.am_data);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
} break;
|
||||
|
||||
/* Change differential mode */
|
||||
|
||||
case ANIOC_MCP3008_DIFF:
|
||||
DEBUGASSERT(arg == 0 || arg == 1);
|
||||
priv->diff = arg;
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
/* Get the number of channels */
|
||||
|
||||
case ANIOC_GET_NCHANNELS:
|
||||
ret = 8;
|
||||
break;
|
||||
|
||||
/* Command was not recognized */
|
||||
|
||||
default:
|
||||
ret = -EINVAL;
|
||||
aerr("MCP3008 ioctl: Unrecognized cmd: %d\n", cmd);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return ret;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/****************************************************************************
|
||||
* Public Functions
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
/****************************************************************************
|
||||
* Name: mcp3008_initialize
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Description:
|
||||
* Initialize ADC
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Input Parameters:
|
||||
* spi - SPI driver instance
|
||||
* spidev - SPI chip select number
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Returned Value:
|
||||
* Valid MCP3008 ADC device structure reference on success; a NULL on
|
||||
* failure
|
||||
*
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
FAR struct adc_dev_s *mcp3008_initialize(FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi)
|
||||
{
|
||||
FAR struct mcp3008_dev_s *priv;
|
||||
FAR struct adc_dev_s *adcdev;
|
||||
|
||||
DEBUGASSERT(spi != NULL);
|
||||
|
||||
/* Initialize the ADC device structure */
|
||||
|
||||
priv = kmm_malloc(sizeof(struct mcp3008_dev_s));
|
||||
if (priv == NULL)
|
||||
{
|
||||
aerr("ERROR: Failed to allocate mcp3008_dev_s instance\n");
|
||||
free(priv);
|
||||
return NULL;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* Initialize the MCP3008 device structure */
|
||||
|
||||
priv->cb = NULL;
|
||||
priv->spi = spi;
|
||||
priv->diff = CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008_DIFFERENTIAL;
|
||||
|
||||
adcdev = kmm_malloc(sizeof(struct adc_dev_s));
|
||||
if (adcdev == NULL)
|
||||
{
|
||||
aerr("ERROR: Failed to allocate adc_dev_s instance\n");
|
||||
return NULL;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
memset(adcdev, 0, sizeof(struct adc_dev_s));
|
||||
adcdev->ad_ops = &g_mcp3008ops;
|
||||
adcdev->ad_priv = priv;
|
||||
|
||||
return adcdev;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#endif /* CONFIG_ADC_MCP3008 */
|
||||
|
|
@ -111,6 +111,11 @@
|
|||
#define AN_SAMV7_AFEC_FIRST (AN_MCP48XX_FIRST + AN_MCP48XX_NCMDS)
|
||||
#define AN_SAMV7_AFEC_NCMDS 1
|
||||
|
||||
/* See include/nuttx/analog/mcp3008.h */
|
||||
|
||||
#define AN_MCP3008_FIRST (AN_SAMV7_AFEC_FIRST + AN_SAMV7_AFEC_NCMDS)
|
||||
#define AN_MCP3008_NCMDS 1
|
||||
|
||||
/****************************************************************************
|
||||
* Public Function Prototypes
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
|
|||
/****************************************************************************
|
||||
* include/nuttx/analog/mcp3008.h
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Contributed by Matteo Golin
|
||||
*
|
||||
* SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
|
||||
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
|
||||
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The
|
||||
* ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
|
||||
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the
|
||||
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
|
||||
*
|
||||
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
|
||||
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
|
||||
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
|
||||
* License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
|
||||
* under the License.
|
||||
*
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
#ifndef __INCLUDE_NUTTX_ANALOG_MCP3008_H
|
||||
#define __INCLUDE_NUTTX_ANALOG_MCP3008_H
|
||||
|
||||
/****************************************************************************
|
||||
* Included Files
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
#include <nuttx/analog/ioctl.h>
|
||||
#include <nuttx/config.h>
|
||||
#include <nuttx/spi/spi.h>
|
||||
|
||||
/****************************************************************************
|
||||
* Preprocessor definitions
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
/* IOCTL Commands
|
||||
* Cmd: ANIOC_MCP3008_DIFF Arg: 1 for differential, 0 for single-ended
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
#define ANIOC_MCP3008_DIFF _ANIOC(AN_MCP3008_FIRST + 0)
|
||||
|
||||
/****************************************************************************
|
||||
* Public Function Prototypes
|
||||
****************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
FAR struct adc_dev_s *mcp3008_initialize(FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi);
|
||||
|
||||
#endif /* __INCLUDE_NUTTX_ANALOG_MCP3008_H */
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue